Basi scientifiche Prevenzione delle cadute con capo e coda

Basi scientifiche
La procedura per la prevenzione delle cadute, così come gli strumenti e il materiale presentati sul portale si basano su solide nozioni scientifiche.

    Letteratura scientifica

    Di seguito un elenco delle pubblicazioni particolarmente degne di nota.

    Cifre e fatti

    • Niemann S, Achermann Stürmer Y, Derrer P, Ellenberger L. Status 2022: Statistica degli infortuni non professionali e del livello di sicurezza in Svizzera. Berna: UPI, Ufficio prevenzione infortuni; 2022. DOI:10.13100/upi.2.465.03.2022.

    Panoramica dei fattori di rischio e interventi vari

    • Clemson L, Munro J, Fiatarone Singh M et al. Aktiv und sicher durchs Leben mit dem LiFE-Programm. Berlino, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2018.
    • Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(9): 1-418. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD007146.pub3.
    • Grob D. Stürze im Alter: Risikofaktoren und Konsequenzen. Ars Medici. 2005;(11): 497–504.
    • Todd C, Skelton D. What are the main risk factors for falls amongst older people and what are the most effective interventions to prevent these falls? Copenaghen: World Health Organization WHO; 2004.
    • Ambrose AF, Paul G, Hausdorff JM. Risk factors for falls among older adults: A review of the literature. 2013; 75(1): 51–61. DOI:10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.02.009.
    • Ufficio federale della sanità pubblica UFSP. Invecchiare in salute: Panoramica e prospettive relative alla Svizzera; 2021.

    Valutazioni

    • Bartusch SM, Zipper SG. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA): Deutsche Übersetzung Version 7. 2004. https://cumming.ucalgary.ca/sites/default/files/teams/122/research/ESCAPE-NA1/moca-assessment_german_nov2007.pdf. Accesso il 13.10.2022.
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC. Algorithm for fall risk screening, assessment, and intervention: Resource. Atlanta, GA; 2017. https://www.cdc.gov/steadi/pdf/STEADI-Algorithm-print.pdf. Accesso il 4.2.2021.
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC. Algorithm for fall risk screening, assessment, and intervention: Resource. Atlanta, GA; 2019 https://www.cdc.gov/steadi/pdf/steadi-algorithm-508.pdf. Accesso il 13.10.2022.
    • Freiberger E, de Vreede P, Schoene D et al. Performance-based physical function in older community-dwelling persons: a systematic review of instruments. Age Ageing. 2012; 41(6): 712–721. DOI:10.1093/ageing/afs099.
    • Guralnik JM, Simonsick EM, Ferrucci L et al. A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: Association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. J Gerontol. 1994; 49(2): M85-M94. DOI:10.1093/geronj/49.2.m85.
    • Medicina geriatrica universitaria Felix Platter. Montreal Cognitive Assessment: MoCA Test. https://www.mocatest.ch/de. Accesso il 13.10.2022. , fr. 
    • Freire AN, Guerra RO, Alvarado B et al. Validity and reliability of the short physical performance battery in two diverse older adult populations in Quebec and Brazil. J Aging Health. 2012; 24(5): 863–878. DOI:10.1177/0898264312438551.
    • Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, Bédirian V et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005; 53(4): 695–699. DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x. √  Nessuna documentazione disponibile.
    • Chhatwal C. Assessment der Mobilität und des Sturzrisikos in der Geriatrie [Abschlussarbeit Diplomlehrgang Geriatrie]. Vienna: Österreichische Akademie der Ärzte GmbH.
    • Prost EL, Willis BW. Geriatric examination tool kit; 2021: https://geriatrictoolkit.missouri.edu/. Accesso il 13.10.2022.
    • University of California San Francisco UCSF. Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB): Validated performance-based assessment of physical function and future disability; 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_rJOGhQqZ4. Accesso il 13.10.2022.

    Intervento multifattoriale

    • Hopewell S, Adedire O, Copsey BJ et al. Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;(7): 1-309. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD012221.pub2.

    Allenamento per la prevenzione delle cadute

    • Sherrington C, Fairhall NJ, Wallbank GK et al. Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019; 1(1): CD012424. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD012424.pub2.
    • Frehner D, Knuchel-Schnyder S, Zindel B et al. Prévention des chutes en physiothérapie. Bases et recommandations pour la pratique. Berna: UPI, Ufficio di consulenza per la prevenzione degli infortuni; 2021. Documentazione tecnica dell’UPI 2.249.

    Farmaci

    • Gmel G, Kuendig H, Notari L, Gmel C. Suchtmonitoring Schweiz – Konsum von Alkohol, Tabak und illegalen Drogen in der Schweiz im Jahr 2014. Losanna: Dipendenze Svizzera; 2015.
    • Vries M de, Seppala LJ, Daams JG et al. Fall-Risk-Increasing Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: I. Cardiovascular Drugs. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018; 19(4): 371.e1-371.e9. DOI:10.1016/j.jamda.2017.12.013.
    • Seppala LJ, van de Glind EM, Daams JG et al. Fall-risk-increasing drugs: A systematic review and meta-analysis: III. Others. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018; 19(4): 372.e1-372.e8. DOI:10.1016/j.jamda.2017.12.099.
    • Seppala LJ, Wermelink AMAT, Vries M de et al. Fall-Risk-Increasing Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: II. Psychotropics. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018; 19(4): 371.e11-371.e17. DOI:10.1016/j.jamda.2017.12.098.
    • Seppala LJ, Kamkar N, Ryg J et al. Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the effectiveness of deprescribing in falls prevention in older people. BMJ Open. 2021; 11(11): e047190. DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047190.

    Alcol

    • Wicki M, Gmel G. Gemeinsame Einnahme von Alkohol und Medikamenten bei Personen ab 55 Jahren – Eine Zusatzauswertung der Daten des Suchtmonitorings Schweiz. Losanna; 2017.
    • Taylor B, Irving HM, Kanteres F et al. The more you drink, the harder you fall: a systematic review and meta-analysis of how acute alcohol consumption and injury or collision risk increase together. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2010; 110(1-2): 108–116. DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.02.011.

    Capacità visive

    • Harwood RH. Visual problems and falls. Age Ageing. 2001; 30 (Suppl. 4): 13–18. DOI:10.1093/ageing/30.suppl_4.13.
    • Lord S.R. Visual risk factors for falls in older people. Age Ageing. 2006; 35(Suppl 2): ii42–ii45. DOI:10.1093/ageing/afl085.

    Demenza

    • Härlein J, Scheffel E, Heinze C, Dassen T. Sturzprävention bei Menschen mit Demenzerkrankungen. Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2007; 40(3): 185–191.

    Paura di cadere

    • Denkinger MD, Lukas A, Nikolaus T, Hauer K. Factors associated with fear of falling and associated activity restriction in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. 2015; 23(1): 72–86. DOI:10.1016/j.jagp.2014.03.002.
    • American Geriatrics Society and British Geriatrics Society. Summary of the Updated American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatrics Society clinical practice guideline for prevention of falls in older persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2011; 59(1): 148–157. DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03234.x.
    • Mujanovic A, Münzer T. (2021). Sturzprävention bei alten Personen, was hilft? In:
      Therapeutische Umschau (2021), 78(2), 99–104.
    • NICE (2019). Surveillance of falls in older people: assessing risk and prevention (linee guida NICE CG161).
    • Organizzazione mondiale della Sanità OMS. WHO Global report on falls prevention in older age. Ginevra: Organizzazione mondiale della Sanità OMS; 2007.
    • Organizzazione mondiale della Sanità OMS. OMS, riassunto rapporto Mondiale sull'invecchiamento e la salute. Ginevra: World Health Organization WHO; 2016.

    Alimentazione e vitamina D

    • Ufficio federale della sicurezza alimentare e di veterinaria USAV. Raccomandazioni nutrizionali svizzere per adulti in età avanzata: Informazioni per specialisti e divulgatori; 2019.
    • Commissione federale per la nutrizione CFN. Alimentazione nella 3a età. Berna: Commissione federale per la nutrizione CFN; 2018.

    Vertigini

    • Sturnieks DL, St George R, Lord SR. Balance disorders in the elderly. Neurophysiologie clinique = Clinical neurophysiology. 2008; 38(6): 467–478. DOI:10.1016/j.neucli.2008.09.001.
    • Jahn K, Kressig RW, Bridenbaugh SA et al. Dizziness and Unstable Gait in Old Age: Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment. Deutsches Ärzteblatt international. 2015; 112(23): 387–393. DOI:10.3238/arztebl.2015.0387.
    • Strupp M, Dieterich M, Brandt T. The treatment and natural course of peripheral and central vertigo. Deutsches Ärzteblatt international. 2013; 110(29-30): 505-15; quiz 515-6. DOI:10.3238/arztebl.2013.0505.

    Esperienza acquisita in progetti precedenti

    Studi e articoli specialistici relativi a progetti precedenti sulla promozione della salute in età avanzata:

    • Gschwind YJ, Wolf I, Bridenbaugh SA, Kressig RW. (2011). Sturzprävention. Teilprojekt im Rahmen des Projekts «Best Practice Gesundheitsförderung im Alter». Best Practice-Studie zu «Via – Gesundheitsförderung im Alter». Ospedale universitario di Basilea: Geriatria acuta.
    • Gschwind YJ, Wolf I, Bridenbaugh SA, Kressig RW. (2011). Basis for a Swiss perspective on fall prevention in vulnerable older people. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4414/smw.2011.13305. Swiss Med Wkly. 2011;141:w13305.
    • Münzer T, Gnädiger M. (2014). Evaluation du risque de chute et prévention des chutes au cabinet du médecin de famille. In:
      Forum Med Suisse 2014;14(46):857-861.
    • ZHAW Scuola universitaria di scienze applicate di Zurigo (2017). Valutazione «Via-Pilotprojekt Sturzprävention». Rapporto finale. Berna: Promozione Salute Svizzera.
    • Promozione Salute Svizzera (2017). Prevenzione delle cadute fra le persone esposte a un maggior rischio di caduta: riscontri della fase pilota. Foglio d’informazione 24, Berna e Losanna.
    • Bürgi F et al. (2017). Via-Projektbericht 2014 bis 2017. Teilprojekt 3 «Sturzprävention». Berna: Promozione Salute Svizzera.

    Bibliografia

    La bibliografia dettagliata contiene altre basi di riferimento.

    • Liste des publications

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